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What materials are typically used in making down jackets?

You already know that down jackets provide superior insulation and warmth. But how much do you know about the materials in down jackets? This classic outdoor jacket is made using a combination of materials that give it its insulating powers and durability. At Columbia Sportswear®, we only use the very best materials and fabrics in our outdoor clothing. From the RDS-certified goose down that promotes animal welfare to the insulation we use in our synthetic jackets, our coats deliver optimal performance all day long.

What insulation material is used in down jackets?

You could say that a high-quality down jacket’s insulation is where the magic happens. The main objective of a down jacket is to provide warmth in cold winter conditions. There are two key types of down insulation, natural down (from birds) and synthetic (human-made) insulation.

Natural down insulation

Natural down is the soft under feathers of geese and ducks. Thanks to their fluffiness, these feathers are able to trap and retain small pockets of warm air, which is what gives these jackets their layer of insulation. Even in exceptionally cold conditions, this natural thermal barrier will keep you incredibly warm and light. In our down jackets, we use goose down, which is considered a superior material to duck, thanks to its larger clusters and higher fill power. This rating is a three-figure number that you’ll typically see printed directly onto the jacket. It relates to the down’s loft and insulation abilities. While down fill can range from around 400 to 900, the higher fill power ensures exceptional warmth but without the added weight.

Natural down does have one downside and that’s how it performs when wet. Simply put, it doesn’t. Once the feathers are wet, they will clump together and stop insulating. Down also takes a long time to dry once it's wet. This means you may need to wait a while before wearing it again. To help minimise this issue, many down jackets have a water-resistant layer to repel moisture and protect the insulation.

Synthetic insulation

Synthetic insulation is engineered to copy the warmth and loft of natural down. While heavier and less packable than natural down, synthetics offer great warmth and are a popular insulation for many down jackets, bomber jackets and parkas. A key benefit of this type of insulation is that it performs much better than down in wet weather. If you’re caught in the rain while wearing a synthetic down jacket, you won’t get cold. It continues to provide warmth and insulation even when it’s wet. It’s also much easier to maintain and quicker to dry.

What outer shell materials are used in down jackets

While a down jacket’s insulation keeps you cosy and warm, the outer shell protects you from the elements. Whether you find yourself out in the wind, rain, or clambering over rocks on trails, the durable outer shell provides essential protection. It is typically made from lightweight synthetic materials like polyester, which can be very durable and moisture-resistant.

Some down jackets may also have additional waterproofing features. Omni-Tech™ is our groundbreaking, 100% waterproof technology that blocks out water while simultaneously letting moisture escape. It’s ideal for those high-intensity outdoor adventures where you want to stay warm but may also build up a sweat.

What other materials are used?

Alongside the important insulation and outer shell fabrics, a variety of other features and materials help your down jacket achieve its optimal performance. For instance, pockets are an important feature of all outdoor wear, especially down jackets. While they provide useful storage for essential items, insulated pockets will also keep your hands nice and warm. Many down jackets have zippered pockets made from strong plastic or metal. Some jackets feature adjustable drawcords or have elastic cuffs for extra warmth and versatility.